随着环境建设的备受重视，各地园林绿化建设步伐的加快，很多好的园林建设已能将人与大自然很好地协调，将历史文化内涵再现出来，对园林设计的植物配 置把握得恰到好处，园林绿化树种又因有神奇的千姿百态和绚丽的流光溢彩，在营造自然氛围、美饰环境空间方面演绎绿色的乐章。但是一些地方的园林建设也存在 着效果不理想，有的植物配置不合理的现象；有的园林设计在实施过程中改得面目全非；有的建设成本和维护、管理费用高，与单位承受能力不相适应。因此，将设 计的思路、特色、功能，各项绿化指标，对中长期及四季观赏效果，树种配置的原则，建设成本及维护管理费用的计算，在树木的配置、植物与建设物的协调、各项 园林功能等存在诸多问题。使游人身在其中，深深地感受到环境的美好，心情舒畅。
With the great attention paid to the plant allocation of urban landscape greening and the acceleration of the pace of the construction of landscape greening in various places, many good garden construction has been able to coordinate human and nature well, reproduce the connotation of history and culture, grasp the plant allocation of landscape design properly, and the tree species of landscape greening are full of magical variety and brilliance. Create a natural atmosphere, beautify the environment and space to deduce the green movement. But in some places, there are also unsatisfactory results in the construction of gardens, some unreasonable plant allocation; some landscape designs have changed completely in the implementation process; some have high construction costs and maintenance and management costs, which are not compatible with the affordability of the unit. Therefore, there are many problems in the allocation of trees, the coordination of plants and buildings, and the functions of various gardens, such as the design ideas, features, functions, various greening indicators, the ornamental effect in the medium and long term and four seasons, the principle of tree species allocation, the calculation of construction costs and maintenance management costs. Make visitors feel the beauty of the environment and feel comfortable.
一、植物配置的艺术手法
I. Artistic Techniques of Plant Configuration
在园林空间中，无论是以植物为主景，或植物与其他园林要素共同构成主景，在植物种类的选择，数量的确定，位置的安排和方式的采取上都应强调主体，作到主次分明，以表现园林空间景观的特色和风格。
In garden space, whether plants are the main landscape, or plants and other garden elements constitute the main landscape. In the selection of plant species, the determination of quantity, the arrangement of location and the adoption of methods, we should emphasize the main body and make the primary and secondary distinctive, so as to show the characteristics and styles of garden space landscape.
对比和衬托 利用植物不同的形态特征，运用高低、姿态、叶形叶色、花形花色的对比手法，表现一定的艺术构思，衬托出美的植物景观。在树丛组合时，要注意相互间的协调， 不宜将形态姿色差异很大的树种组合在一起。运用水平与垂直对比法、体形大小对比法和色彩与明暗对比法三种方法。
Contrast and foil make use of the different morphological characteristics of plants, and use the contrastive techniques of height, posture, leaf shape, flower shape and color to express a certain artistic conception and foil the beautiful plant landscape. In the combination of trees, attention should be paid to the coordination between them, and it is not appropriate to combine the tree species with great differences in morphology and color. Horizontal and vertical contrast method, body size contrast method and color and shade contrast method are used.
动势和均衡 各种植物姿态不同，有的比较规整，如杜英；有的有一种动势，如松树。配置时，要讲求植物相互之间或植物与环境中其他要素之间的和谐协调；同时还要考虑植物在不同的生长阶段和季节的变化，不要因此产生不平衡的状况。
Momentum and balance of various plant postures are different, some more regular, such as Du Ying; some have a momentum, such as pine. When allocating, we should emphasize the harmony and coordination between plants or other elements of plants and environment, and also consider the changes of plants in different growth stages and seasons, so as not to create imbalances.
起伏和韵律 韵律有两种，一种是“严格韵律”；另一种是“自由韵律”。道路两旁和狭长形地带的植物配置最容易体现出韵律感，要注意纵向的立体轮廓线和空间变换，做到高低搭配，有起有伏，产生节奏韵律，避免布局呆板。
There are two kinds of undulations and prosodic rhythms, one is "strict rhythm" and the other is "free rhythm". Plants on both sides of the road and in narrow strips are most likely to embody the sense of rhythm. We should pay attention to the vertical three-dimensional contour lines and spatial transformation, so as to achieve a high-low collocation, with ups and downs, produce rhythmic rhythm, and avoid rigid layout.

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